法律教育 Legal Education

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法律教育
維基百科，自由的百科全書


法律教育是指以傳授法律知識、法學知識體系和培養法律職業為目的的教育制度和途徑。現代法律教育一般分為法學教育和法律職業培訓兩個基本部分。

目錄 [隱藏] 1 法學教育 2 法律職業培訓 3 中國的法律教育 4 參考及鏈結

法學教育法學教育始於文藝復興時期於大學中備受重視，其時為學術界最具地位的科系之一，與醫學及神學三足鼎立。法學教育之目的係在法學範疇上的知識培育，範圍包括各種法學理論及術科。
有些人將法學教育分為法學本科教育和法學研究生教育，前者係指法學方面的第一學歷（法學士和法律博士），後者則為供法學本科畢業後繼續進修的法學教育，如法學碩士及法學博士。惟有些人則認為法律博士雖為法學方面的第一學歷，但卻是一個研究生學歷，因此認為分類認以基礎法學教育和進階法學教育為名。

法律職業培訓法律職業培訓分為兩大類：

• 資格前培訓
  • 即向未取得法律業專業資格（如律師資格、檢察官資格等）的人，為取得法律頁專業資格而提供的教育，其目的是協助其取得資格及提供職業知識教育。例如香港的法律專業證書（P.C.LL.）、英國的法律專業共同試（C.P.E.）和法律實踐課程（L.P.C.）等。

• 資格後培訓
  • 即為已取得法律業專業資格者提供持續進修教育，其目的係為從業者不斷更新其專業知識。例如香港的執業律師便須要按持續專業進修（Continuing Professional Development）的要求定期進修。

中國的法律教育由於中國古代學生在仕官的晉身途徑中並不要求對法律的知識，因此中國古時對法律教育並不非常重視。及至清末科舉制度被取消以後，在沈家本主持的法律改革下，投身京師大學堂成為致仕的最理想途徑，加上為法律改革所帶來的機會，京師大學堂法律學門遂成為最多學生爭相入讀的學校之一。
清朝滅亡後，在民國時期，各式大學紛紛建立起來，當中包括不少法學院。其中，國立的法學院仍以前身為京師大學堂法律學門的北京大學法律系最為著名，而私立的法學院則以東吳大學法學院和朝陽大學法學院最為著名，有「南東吳、北朝陽」之美譽。
中華人民共和國成立後，中國大陸的教育界經歷多種變遷，法學院以「五院四系」最為著名，分別為：北京政法學院、西南政法學院、華東政法學院、西北政法學院、中南政法學院、北京大學法律系、中國人民大學法律系、武漢大學法律系、吉林大學法律系。然而，現時「五院」均已成為政法大學，「四系」亦已成為法學院。
及至現在，中國的法學教育機構數量龐大，單就中國內地而言，至2008年11月已有634所法學院系，在改革開放的三十年中，法學學生和法學教師的人數分別增加了100倍和10倍。[1]
現時，中國（包括台灣、香港、澳門)中，較受國外學術界所認識的法學院有：

• 北京大學法學院
• 中國人民大學法學院
• 中國政法大學法學院
• 武漢大學法學院
• 國立台灣大學法學院
• 香港大學法律學院
• 香港中文大學法律學院
• 香港城市大學法律學院

Legal education
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Legal education is the education of individuals who intend to be come legal professionals or those who simply intend to use their law degree to some end, either related to law (such as politics or academic) or business. It includes:

• First degrees in law, which may be studied at either undergraduate or graduate level depending on the country.
• Vocational courses which prospective lawyers are required to pass in some countries before they may enter practice.
• Higher academic degrees.

Contents 1 Legal education (general) 2 Australia 3 Canada 4 China, People's Republic of 5 France 5.1 Law school 5.2 Admission to the bar 6 Hong Kong 7 India 8 Japan 9 Korea 10 Serbia 11 Sri Lanka 12 Philippines 13 United Kingdom 14 United States 14.1 Law School 15 See also 16 References 17 External links

Legal education (general)In addition to the qualifications required to become a practicing lawyer, legal education also encompasses higher degrees such as doctorates, for more advanced academic study.
In many countries other than the United States, law is an under graduate degree. Graduates of such a program are eligible to be come lawyers by passing the country's equivalent of a bar exam.In such countries, graduate programs in law enable students to embark on academic careers or become specialized in a particular area of law.
In the United States,law is a doctorate degree, which students embark upon only after completing an undergraduate degree in some other field (usually a bachelor's degree),and is considered to be a first professional degree program. The under graduate degree can be in any field, though most American lawyer should bachelor's degrees in the humanities and social sciences; legal studies as an undergraduate study is available at a few institutions.American law schools are usually an autonomous entity within a larger university.
Faculty of law is another name for a law school or school of law, the terms commonly used in the United States. This term is used in Canada, other Commonwealth countries and the rest of the world. It may be distinguishable from law school in the sense that a faculty is a subdivision of a university on the same rank with other faculties, i.e. faculty of medicine,faculty of graduate studies, whereas a law school or school of law may have a more autonomous status within a university, or may be totally independent of any other post-secondary educational institution.
In addition in some countries, including the United Kingdom, Canada and some states of Australia,the final stages of vocational legal education required to qualify to practice law are carried out outside the university system. The requirements for qualification as a barrister or as a solicitor are covered in those articles. See advocate for details of the requirements for qualification as an advocate in Scotland.

[ 本帖最後由 white小白 於 2009-6-12 03:46 編輯 ]