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本帖最後由 新.東方 於 2014-3-5 09:59 編輯
在這個相信"民主選舉政制就是所有問題的靈丹妙藥",
"所有事件都是政府的詭計",
"假如明天發生地震都一定是政府的錯"的香港社會~
更甚者事事堅信"英美就是道路、真理、生命"的盲目思維, 甚或稱英國為"祖國"的洋奴香港社會~
那些打著香港人旗號的"所謂香港人"請用心看看今期英國《經濟學人》(The Economist) (2014年2月27日號) 的封面專題文章...What's gone wrong with democracy (民主出了什麼問題)
點題首句就說出了: "Democracy was the most successful political idea of the 20th century. Why has it run into trouble, and what can be done to revive it?" 作為20世紀最成功的政治理念, 為什麼民主國家今日會出現那麼多麻煩, 我們又應該做些什麼去拯救它?
文章太長, 我抽選部份篇幅分享一下...
有心看全文的可前往文章最後的連結~
"Democracy is going through a difficult time. Where autocrats have been driven out of office, their opponents have mostly failed to create viable democratic regimes. Even in established democracies, flaws in the system have become worryingly visible and disillusion with politics is rife. Yet just a few years ago democracy looked as though it would dominate the world."
民主正經歷艱難的時刻, 近年凡是推翻獨裁者的國家, 反對者都幾乎沒法建立可行的民主政權, 即便建立了民主, 那些所謂民主制度的漏洞也令人感到擔心, 然後民主就隨政治失序而幻滅, 但明明在不久之前, 民主仿佛是主宰了全世界, 是所有問題的靈丹妙藥
"Between 1980 and 2000 the cause of democracy experienced only a few setbacks, but since 2000 there have been many... Many nominal democracies have slid towards autocracy, maintaining the outward appearance of democracy through elections, but without the rights and institutions that are equally important aspects of a functioning democratic system."
1980年至2000年之間, 民主受到挫折很少, 但自2000年至今, 越來越多受挫, 許多名義上的民主國家已經漸漸變得獨裁, 用選舉維持著民主的外表, 但權力和制度這同等重要的方面卻不在民主體制之內
"THE two main reasons are the financial crisis of 2007-08 and the rise of China."
兩個最主要的原因就是2007-08年的金融危機和中國的崛起
"Meanwhile, the Chinese Communist Party has broken the democratic world's monopoly on economic progress. Larry Summers, of Harvard University, observes that when America was growing fastest, it doubled living standards roughly every 30 years. China has been doubling living standards roughly every decade for the past 30 years. The Chinese elite argue that their model—tight control by the Communist Party, coupled with a relentless effort to recruit talented people into its upper ranks—is more efficient than democracy and less susceptible to gridlock. The political leadership changes every decade or so, and there is a constant supply of fresh talent as party cadres are promoted based on their ability to hit targets."
與此同時，中國打破了民主世界在經濟發展上的壟斷。 哈弗大學的拉里·薩默斯觀察到，在美國發展最快的時候，生活水平每30年就會翻一番, 而在過去的30年裡, 中國讓生活水平每10年就翻一番, 中國的精英爭論著他們的模式——在中共的牢牢把持下, 不懈地招募有才能的人進入上層——比民主更有效, 而且不易出現治理僵局, 政治領袖每十年就換一次, 然後按照他們達成目標的能力, 源源不斷地把新鮮人才拔擢為黨的干部
"At the same time China's leaders have been able to tackle some of the big problems of state-building that can take decades to deal with in a democracy. In just two years China has extended pension coverage to an extra 240m rural dwellers, for example—far more than the total number of people covered by America's public-pension system."
同時, 中國的領導人能夠處理民主國家用幾十年才能解決的國家建設問題, 就在兩年前, 中國擴大了養老保險, 讓它額外覆蓋了2.4億的農村居民, 換句話說——這個數字遠超美國公共年金制度涵蓋的總人數
"Many Chinese are prepared to put up with their system if it delivers growth. The 2013 Pew Survey of Global Attitudes showed that 85% of Chinese were “very satisfied” with their country's direction, compared with 31% of Americans."
如果生活水平繼續增長, 很多中國人打算繼續容忍現在的制度, 2013皮尤全球民調顯示, 85%的中國人對他們的國家發展方向“非常滿意”, 相比之下美國人是31%
"Yu Keping of Beijing University argues that democracy makes simple things “overly complicated and frivolous” and allows “certain sweet-talking politicians to mislead the people”. Wang Jisi, also of Beijing University, has observed that “many developing countries that have introduced Western values and political systems are experiencing disorder and chaos ” and that China offers an alternative model. "
北京大學俞可平認為, 民主往往把簡單的事情弄得“過分複雜和瑣碎”, 並且讓“某些甜言蜜語的政客誤導民眾”, 也是來自北京大學的王緝思覺察到, “許多引入西方價值觀和政治體制的發展中國家正經歷著無序和混亂”, 而中國提供了一種可供替代的模式
"Meanwhile some recent recruits to the democratic camp have lost their lustre. Since the introduction of democracy in 1994 South Africa has been ruled by the same party, the African National Congress, which has become progressively more self-serving. Turkey, which once seemed to combine moderate Islam with prosperity and democracy, is descending into corruption and autocracy. In Bangladesh, Thailand and Cambodia, opposition parties have boycotted recent elections or refused to accept their results."
與此同時新加入民主陣營的國家也黯然失色, 自從1994年民主引入南非以來, 就被同一個政黨——非洲人國民大會統治, 非國大已經日趨於自謀私利了, 土耳其這個一度被視作把伊斯蘭教同繁榮、民主恰當融合的國家, 正朝著腐敗和獨裁墜落, 在孟加拉、泰國和柬埔寨, 反對黨更加抵制近期的選舉或拒絕接受選舉結果
有興趣的可以閱讀英文全文:
http://www.economist.com/news/es ... -and-what-can-be-do
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在線雷達
發表於 2014-3-5 10:00:09
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